Frederic Michael Raphael is an American-born British novelist, biographer, journalist, and Oscar-winning screenwriter. He is renowned for writing the screenplays for Darling, Far from the Madding Crowd, Two for the Road, and Stanley Kubrick's last film, Eyes Wide Shut.

Raphael rose to prominence in the early 1960s with several acclaimed novels, most notably with the release of the John Schlesinger film Darling, starring Julie Christie and Dirk Bogarde. This romantic drama set in Swinging London earned him the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay in 1966. He was nominated again two years later in the same category for his work on Stanley Donen’s Two for the Road, starring Audrey Hepburn and Albert Finney.

Since the death of screenwriter D. M. Marshman Jr. in 2015, Raphael is the earliest surviving recipient of the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay, and the sole surviving recipient of the now-retired BAFTA category of Best British Screenplay.

In addition to his work in film and television, Raphael has written over 20 novels and several non-fiction books, including biographies of Lord Byron, W. Somerset Maugham, and Flavius Josephus. He also wrote a memoir about his time working with Stanley Kubrick, entitled Eyes Wide Open.