Norman Gary Finkelstein (born December 8, 1953) is an American political scientist and activist. His primary fields of research are the politics of the Holocaust and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.

Finkelstein was born in New York City to Jewish Holocaust-survivor parents. He graduated from Binghamton University and received his Ph.D. in political science from Princeton University. He has held faculty positions at Brooklyn College, Rutgers University, Hunter College, New York University, and DePaul University, where he was an assistant professor from 2001 to 2007. Although the department and college committees at DePaul University voted to grant him tenure in 2006, the university administration did not, leading to his resignation after reaching a settlement.

Finkelstein rose to prominence in 2000 after publishing The Holocaust Industry, a book in which he argues that the memory of the Holocaust is exploited as an ideological weapon to shield Israel from criticism. He is a vocal critic of Israeli policy and has called Israel a "Jewish supremacist state". The Israeli government barred him from entry for ten years in 2008. His latest book on Palestine and Israel, Gaza: An Inquest into Its Martyrdom, was published in 2018.