Madeleine Thien (born 1974) is a Canadian short story writer and novelist. Her work is noted for reflecting the increasingly trans-cultural nature of Canadian literature, exploring art, expression, and politics in Cambodia and China, as well as within diasporic East Asian communities.

Thien's critically acclaimed novel, Do Not Say We Have Nothing, won several prestigious awards, including the 2016 Governor General's Award for English-language fiction, the Scotiabank Giller Prize, and the Edward Stanford Travel Writing Award for Fiction. It was also shortlisted for the 2016 Man Booker Prize, the 2017 Baileys Women's Prize for Fiction, and the 2017 Rathbones Folio Prize.

Born in Vancouver, Thien is also known for her story collection Simple Recipes (2001) and novels such as Certainty (2006) and Dogs at the Perimeter (2011), the latter of which was shortlisted for Berlin's International Literature Prize and won the Frankfurt Book Fair’s 2015 Liberaturpreis. Her books and stories are published in Canada, the U.S., the U.K., and Australia, and have been translated into 25 languages.