Giovanni Boccaccio, born on 16 June 1313 in Certaldo, within the Republic of Florence (now Tuscany, Italy), was an eminent Italian writer, poet, and a significant Renaissance humanist. A contemporary and correspondent of Petrarch, Boccaccio is often hailed as one of the pioneering figures in early Italian literature, sometimes referred to by the moniker "the Certaldese".

His magnum opus, The Decameron, is a cornerstone in the Italian literary tradition, influencing not just Italian prose but also shaping European narrative forms for centuries. Boccaccio's narrative technique, particularly his use of realistic dialogue, set him apart from medieval contemporaries, paving the way for future literary giants across Europe, including Geoffrey Chaucer and Miguel de Cervantes. His works, written primarily in the Tuscan vernacular as well as Latin, cover a broad spectrum of genres and themes, showcasing his versatility and experimental approach to literature.

Together with Dante Alighieri and Petrarch, Boccaccio forms the revered trio known as the "Three Crowns" of Italian literature. His contributions to humanism and the promotion of Dante's works are particularly noteworthy, establishing him as a crucial figure in the cultural renaissance of Florence. The impact of his literary oeuvre continues to be celebrated, with his works undergoing numerous adaptations and scholarly studies into the modern era.