Ernest Miller Hemingway was an American writer and journalist, renowned for his economical and understated style that had a profound influence on 20th-century fiction. His works are celebrated for their portrayal of stoic men who embody the ideal of "grace under pressure." Hemingway's adventurous life and public image have captivated generations, making him a figure of romanticized masculinity.

Hemingway was born in Oak Park, Illinois, and after high school, he briefly worked as a reporter before joining the Italian front as an ambulance driver during World War I. This period was marked by serious injury, which deeply influenced his future writings, including A Farewell to Arms. In 1921, Hemingway married Hadley Richardson, marking the beginning of a series of four marriages and a move to Paris. There, he became a key part of the "Lost Generation," a group of expatriate writers and artists.

His first novel, The Sun Also Rises, was published in 1926. Hemingway's career spanned the globe, from the cafes of Paris to the wilderness of Africa, and he covered major events like the Spanish Civil War and World War II as a journalist. His later years were spent in Key West, Cuba, and finally, Idaho, where he tragically ended his own life in 1961.

Hemingway's legacy includes seven novels, six short-story collections, and two non-fiction works published during his lifetime, with additional works published posthumously. Notably, he received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954, a testament to his enduring impact on American literature and the global literary landscape.