Carl Gustav Jung (26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961) was a Swiss psychiatrist, psychotherapist, and psychologist. He is best known for founding analytical psychology, a school of thought that has become highly influential in the fields of psychiatry, anthropology, archaeology, literature, philosophy, psychology, religious studies, and evolutionary theory.

Jung began his career as a research scientist at the Burghölzli psychiatric hospital in Zurich, where he worked under Eugen Bleuler. He developed a close friendship with Sigmund Freud, and the two collaborated extensively, although they later parted ways due to theoretical differences. This division led to Jung establishing his own school of analytical psychology, separate from Freud's psychoanalysis.

Jung introduced several key concepts in psychology, such as individuation, synchronicity, archetypes, the collective unconscious, and the psychological concepts of extraversion and introversion. He was a prolific author and his works, many of which were published posthumously, continue to be significant in the realm of psychology.

Beyond psychology, Jung's interests were diverse, encompassing the study of dreams, art, mythology, religion, and philosophy. He is also noted for influencing the founding of Alcoholics Anonymous by proposing that spiritual experiences could aid recovery from alcoholism.