Andrew Lang (31 March 1844 - 20 July 1912) was a Scottish poet, novelist, literary critic, and contributor to the field of anthropology. He is best known as a collector of folk and fairy tales. The Andrew Lang lectures at the University of St Andrews are named after him.

Lang was not only an influential figure in late 19th-century British literature but also a notable critic, folklorist, biographer, and translator. Though Lang did not produce any particularly memorable tales, poems, or novels, his works, such as The Blue Fairy Book (1889), illustrated by Henry J. Ford, and its sequels including The Red Fairy Book, The Green Fairy Book, and The Yellow and Crimson Fairy Book, are remembered for their compilations of British folklore fairy tales.

His prose translations of Homer's Odyssey and Iliad are still valued for their melodious and archaic tone, as well as his translations of Homeric Hymns and works by Theocritus and Bion. While Lang's work was not highly original, it was distinguished by its scholarship and prose, which Jorge Luis Borges described as "charming, even if the subject matter is utterly indifferent to us."